Article Review: Kenya’s Secret River by J.M. Ledgard

Picture: The too rainy season: residents prepare to abandon the village of Korlabe after the Tana burst its banks in 2010. Source: moreintelligentlife.com

The article, “Kenya’s Secret River,” published in the Economist’s Intelligent Life magazine in March 2012, wreaks of one defining nature of development studies – the complexity and interconnectedness of systems. The Tana river in Kenya is touched by every issue that development students in undergraduate studies have come to analyze, spanning from biodiversity to migration, food security, trade, conflict, education, health and demographic change, gender and human rights, connectivity and innovation (I’m sure I missed one). The author J.M. Ledgard allows his readers to come to a slow conclusion that the urban development creeping into the natural paradise of the Tana river from its outskirts is a delicate balance between destructive and aiding.

But this is to frame things the wrong way around, the morose Western way—neurotic, necrotic, swimming in debt, as my professional African friends say.

He points out that the Tana’s paradise is a fine line of two indistinct sides. While the river is a natural paradise of mango trees, hippos, mangroves and diverse, natural beauty, its residents live among it in poverty and poor health. A more reliable source of income (e.g. mango exports), education, and improved health for the region would move them onto the other side of paradise, but alas, for every action there is a reaction. While education and improved health is thankfully on the rise for the Tana, encroaching urban development creates a great deal of uncertainty for the future of the natural environment and the region’s rooted social structures. Of course, a protected national park could be a reasonable associated cost for urban development.

Measuring Near Real-Time Energy Data, Every 15 Minutes

I wouldn’t mind measuring my energy consumption every 15min, along with related data including temperature, humidity, rainfall and windspeed.

The Investa Sustainability Institute and Green Buildings Alive have launched Pulse - a digital tool which monitors a building’s electricity usage and updates straight to the web in near real-time.

A Reality Check on Renewables – David McKay at TEDx

Summary How much land mass would renewables need to power a nation like the UK? An entire country’s worth. In this pragmatic talk from TEDxWarwick, David MacKay tours the basic mathematics that show worrying limitations on our sustainable energy options and explains why we should pursue them anyway.

As an information theorist and computer scientist, David MacKay uses hard math to assess our renewable energy options.  Continue reading

Defining Green Technology on the Web

Green Technology in the Private Sector

General Electric Company. (2011). Ecomagination. Retrieved November 24, 2011 from http://www.ecomagination.com/

Screenshot taken November 24, 2011

The Ecomagination website’s expansive provision of General Electric (GE) Company’s reports, press releases, showcase technologies and product portfolios make this site both impressively (and almost dauntingly) informative on current private sector approaches to the adoption and growth of green technologies.

Ecomagination, launched in 2005, is GE’s business strategy for addressing the global need for cleaner sources of energy, reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reliable sources of clean water. The strategy’s global and multi-local outlook to seeking technological innovation outside of GE represents the Company’s open and collaborative technological approach towards climate change mitigation. The information available on this site, from the reports detailing GE’s technologically-driven mitigation progress to the showcase prototype technologies that may make a sustainable post-oil world possible, exemplify the realistic capability of the private sector to rapidly redirect resource consumption through its environmental technology research and development. It is important to realize, however, that climate change adaptation in terms of its risks and implications for GE (as opposed to climate change mitigation) is absent from the website’s overall discussion.

It is also interesting to note that, in a thorough read-through of the Ecomagination 2010 Annual Report (available under “Press Releases”), the influence of green technology’s many overarching challenges is present throughout. Despite political uncertainty and lack of supportive public policies, for example, GE states its commitment to continue investment and development in green technologies. It further emphasizes the necessity for green technologies to be efficient, cost-effective and reliable in an increasingly competitive global context. As well, the Company’s global and multi-local outlook is not overlooked from Ecomagination’s scope. An open and multi-national model for collaboration is one of three pillars to GE’s strategy, and is represented in their work with local-level groups and private enterprises in Asia and Latin America.

Although the Company indicates a commitment to addressing local needs in a multi-national outlook, further information on their commitments across the world, and particularly in the Global South, are scarce and difficult to find. Although there is summative information on GE’s activities in countries such as China and Brazil, this information is limited and vague. As a multi-national private company based in the United States, the American focus and pro-corporate bias is unmistakably clear. It is only further exemplified by its clear commitment to job growth in the U.S. and absent evaluation of weaknesses in GE’s operations. Though Ecomagination is nonetheless an informative window into the private sector’s approaches to green technology, its questionable degree of transparency and bias makes this source limited in its objectivity.

Green Technology in the Public Sector – Research

Mok, K. (2010). Harnessing the Wind’s Vibrations for Electricity. Retrieved November 24, 2011 from http://www.treehugger.com/renewable-energy/harnessing-the-winds-vibrations-for-electricity.html

Screenshot taken November 24, 2011

Harnessing the Wind’s Vibrations for Electricity is an article that discusses the work of Cornell University’s Vibro-Wind Research Group and their development of a much smaller-scale energy alternative to wind turbines. This alternative, called the Vibro-Wind prototype (or simply “Vibro-Wind”), is a standing array of foam oscillators that, when moved by gentle winds or breezes, convert their vibrations into stored electricity. The article illustrates the mechanics of piezoelectricity (a form of electricity that enables the transformation of mechanical energy into usable electric power), as well as the premise behind the prototype and its potential implications for the availability of alternative energy to city-dwelling consumers.

The article is featured on Discovery Communications’ child company TreeHugger, and written by one of its writers Kimberley Mok. TreeHugger, a media outlet, hopes to mainstream the discussion of sustainability through its website. Mok, an architecture designer and Cornell University alumni, contributes this article with a primarily promotional view of the Vibro-Wind prototype. Unfortunately, the article discusses many of the potential benefits of small-scale wind energy, with none of its potential weaknesses. The energy conversion efficiency, cost comparisons, and performance data are lacking in the article (most likely because this data is not yet available to the public), thus providing a notably incomprehensive view of the Vibro-Wind prototype. Despite this limitation, the article is a strong informant for the potential and capability of students and research institutions to develop innovative alternative energy solutions for cities. The article most importantly highlights the potential uses of Vibro-Wind and piezoelectricity, including their advantages for capturing wind power in densely populated urban areas with less social and political disruption than its turbine-alternative. Mok also offers further information on the potential for piezoelectricity by pointing to its other manifestations in equally innovative projects, from utilizing crowd energy to individuals’ human motion. Perhaps most impressively, the Vibro-Wind prototype has, since its debut on TreeHugger, captured a spot on the New York Time’s 10th Annual Year in Ideas (2010) and was created into an animated infomercial under the New York Time’s sponsorship.

A Development Perspective on Green Technology

Presentation design by Van Tran, in collaboration with K. Cumming and B. Feor. A class presentation for the course Environmental Policies, Resource Management and Sustainable Development; DVM 3125, Professor M. Marschke, University of Ottawa Fall 2011.

Online resources curated collaboratively by C.Chamberlain, J.Chen, K.Cumming, A.Daniel, R.Dupuis, B.Feor, and V.Tran.

Harnessing Wind Energy Without Turbines

--

NY Times – Turbine-Free Wind Power from Antfood on Vimeo.

I was doing research with twitter, scrolling through organizations and individuals tweeting about environmental and economic issues and events, looking for a focus for my next report. Stopping on one, clicking the link and watching the advertised video was the precursor to 3 months of research on the VibroWind project – and arguably the most fun report I’ve researched, analyzed and written yet.

The project, still in development and testing by Professor Francis Moon and his team at Cornell University, gave me the opportunity to study potential markets for an unreleased product and to predict the kinds of market conditions the product would need to either thrive successfully or avoid failure in its market entry. Ultimately, I focused on the relative cost and level of energy conversion efficiency that the VibroWind product must have in order for the rational consumer or company to invest in it as opposed to other products or not at all. This kind of market analysis is fundamental to creating a good product, and demonstrates where business, economics and environmental science will eventually converge onto one road. But until markets and the business world are ready to fully tap into and take advantage of the profit potential of environmental science (which may not be until oil is no longer a viable energy solution), the future of VibroWind unfortunately remains up in the air (pun intended).